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Get to Know Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy symptoms are not always obvious.

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder. All people living with narcolepsy have excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Other narcolepsy symptoms, such as cataplexy, disrupted nighttime sleep, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis, may also be present.

Narcolepsy symptoms can disrupt everyday life, but the impact isn’t always obvious.

Getting to know narcolepsy means recognizing the less obvious symptoms, understanding their impact, and finding ways to help live better with narcolepsy.

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Performance of routine tasks without awareness or memory.

Difficulty focusing or concentrating.

Brief loss of muscle tone with retained awareness, often triggered by strong emotions.

Frequent shifts between different states of sleep and wakefulness at night.

The inability to stay awake and alert during the day; a constant need for sleep or unintentionally falling asleep.

A naturally occurring chemical in the brain that helps maintain wakefulness.

Vivid dream-like experiences that occur while falling asleep or while waking up.

Vivid dream-like experiences that occur while falling asleep or while waking up.

A naturally occurring chemical in the brain that helps maintain wakefulness and prevent non-REM sleep and REM sleep from occurring at the wrong time.

Unintentionally falling asleep due to excessive daytime sleepiness; “sleep attacks.”

Restorative sleep state with decreased muscle tone.

Occurs at night and includes dreams; muscles are not active to prevent people from acting out dreams.

Daytime and evening habits to improve sleep.

Brief total loss of voluntary muscle control when falling asleep or while waking up.

People with type 1 narcolepsy can be diagnosed by their cataplexy or low levels of hypocretin.

The cause of type 2 narcolepsy is unknown.